printOneCgoTraceback now returns a boolean rather than an int.
Since we need to have different logic based on the Go version,
and toolchainVersionSemver was only set for the main process,
move the string to the shared cache global.
This is a nice thing to do anyway, to reduce the number of globals.
While here, update actions/setup-go to v4, which starts caching
GOMODCACHE and GOCACHE by default now.
Disable it, because it still doesn't help in our case,
and GitHub's Actions caching is still really inefficient.
And update staticcheck too.